Effect of Chemotherapy on the Hematological Parameters and Prevalence of Anemia in Breast Cancer Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54361/LJMR.20.1.19Keywords:
Chemotherapy, Hematological parameters, Anemia, Breast cancer, National Oncology Institute in Sabratha, Western LibyaAbstract
Background: Breast cancer incidence is rising in Libya, and chemotherapy significantly affects physiological function. Objectives: This study evaluated hematological changes and anemia prevalence in 150 breast cancer patients at the National Oncology Institute, Sabratha, and compared them with 100 healthy controls. Methods: Data were extracted from patient records and analyzed using SPSS to compare hematological variables before and after chemotherapy. Results: Significant decreases (P<0.01) were observed in RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and MCHC compared with controls, with further declines after chemotherapy. Anemia prevalence rose from 62.67% to 76.67%, with moderate anemia becoming predominant (59.13%) and severe anemia emerging (1.74%). White blood cell and platelet counts significantly decreased after treatment (P<0.01). Conclusion: Chemotherapy induces significant hematological toxicity. Regular blood monitoring and early anemia management through dose modifications or nutritional support are essential. Long-term follow-up is recommended to assess the impact of these alterations on patient prognosis.
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