Critical analysis of risk factors and outcome of placenta previa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54361/ljmr.v8i1.13Keywords:
Placenta previa, risk factors, pregnancy outcome, Libya.Abstract
Placenta previa is the pathology of placenta in which the placenta lies completely or partially within the lower uterine segment. According to its relationship with internal os it is divided into four grades 1, 2, 3, 4. The objective of this study was to explore the risk factors and pregnancy outcome of patient with placenta. A case control study was done on 382 subjects in which 82 were included in the cases, and 300 were included in controls who presented at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Tripoli medical center during 2011. Diagnosed patients of placenta previa were included in case group and other healthy subjects were included in the control group and statistical significance was also calculated. In conclusion, previous history of cesarean section, previous history of D + C, previous history of placenta previa is independent risk factors for placenta previa. An increase in the incidence of these risk factors probably contributes to a rise in the number of pregnancies complicated with placenta previa and its association with adverse maternal and prenatal outcome. Carful surveillance of these risk factors is recommended with timely delivery in order to reduce the associated complication.
References
Oyelese Y and Smulian JC. Placenta previa, placenta accreta, and vasa previa. Obtset Gynecol. 2006, 107: 927-941. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000207559.15715.98
Sheiner E, Shohamvardi I, Hallak M and Mazor M. Placenta previa: obstetric risk factors and pregnancyoutcome. J Matern Fetal Med. 2001, 10: 414-419. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/jmf.10.6.414.419
Ananth CV, Smulian JC and Vnitzie LA. The association of placenta previa with history of cesarean delivery and abortion: meta analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1997, 177: 1071-1078. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(97)70017-6
Faiz AS and Ananth C. Etiology and risk factors for placenta previa: an overview and meta analysis of observational studies. J Matern Fetal Med. 2003, 13: 175-190. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/713605832
Koifman A, Levy A, Woulan Y and Wiznitzer A, et al. The clinical significance of bleeding during the second trimester of pregnancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2008, 278: 47-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-007-0530-2
Sheiner E, Levy A and Kat ZM. Identifying the risk factors for peri partum cesarean hysterectomy, population based study. J Reprod Med. 2003, 48: 622-626.
Manacker F, Declercq E and Macdorman MF. Cesarean delivery: background, trends, and epidemiology. Seminperinatol. 2006, 30: 235-241. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semperi.2006.07.002
Montan S. Increased risk in the elderly parturient. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2007, 19: 110- 112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0b013e3280825603
Love CD and Wallace EM. Pregnancies complicated by placenta previa: what is appropriate management? Br J Obstet Gynecol. 1996, 103: 864-867. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09903.x
Claeary-Goldman J, Malone FD and Vidaver J. Impact of maternalage on obstetric outcome. Obstet Gynecol. 2005, 105: 983-990. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000158118.75532.51
Gilliam M, Rosenberq D and Davis F. The likelihood of placenta previa with greater number of cesarean deliveries and higher parity. Obstet Gynecol. 2002, 99: 976-980. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-7844(02)02002-1
Babinszki A, Kerenyi T, Torok O, et al. Perinatal outcome in grand and great grand multi parity: effect of parity on obstetric risk factors. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1999, 181: 669-674. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9378(99)70511-9
Abu-Heija AT, El-Jallad F and Ziadeh S. Placenta previa: effect of age, gravidty, parity and previous cesarean section. Obstet Gynecol Invest. 1999, 47: 6-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000010053
Shevell T, Malone FD, Vidaver J, Porter TF, et al. Associated reproductive technology and pregnancy outcome. Obstet Gynecol. 2005, 106: 1039-1045. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000183593.24583.7c
Kallen B, Finnstrom O, Nygren KG, et al. Invitro fertilization in Sweden: obstetric characteristics maternal morbidity and mortality. B J O G. 2005, 112: 1529-1535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00745.x
Parazzini F, Dindelli M, Luchini L and La Rosa M. Risk factor for placenta previa. 1994, 15: 321-326. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-4004(94)90023-X
Hendricks MS, Chow Y and Singh K. Previous cesarean section and miscarriage as risk factor for developing placenta previa. J Obstet Gynecol Res. 1999, 25: 137-142. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0756.1999.tb01136.x
Dashe JS, McLntire DD, Ramus RM and Twickler DM. Presistance of placenta previa according to gestational age at ultra sound detection. Obstet Gynecol. 2002, 99; 5Pt: 692-697. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-7844(02)01935-X
Adesiyun AG, Ojabo A and Mohammed A. Fertility and obstetric outcome after cesarean myomectomy. J Obstet Gynecol. 2008, 28: 710-712. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01443610802462712
Vergani P. Chidini A, Strobelt N, et al. Do uterine leiomyomas influence pregnancy outcome? Am J Perinatol. 1994, 11: 366-368. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-994554
Gorodeski IG and Bahari CM. The effect of placenta previa localization upon maternal and fetal neonatal outcome. J Perinat Med. 1987, 15: 169-177. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpme.1987.15.2.169
Grobman WA, Gersnoviez R, London MB, Spong CY, et al. Pregnancy outcomes for women with placenta previa in relation to the number of prior cesarean section deliveries. Obstet Gynecol. 2007, 110: 1249-1255. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.AOG.0000292082.80566.cd
Demissie K, Breckenridge MB, Joseph L and Rhoads GG. Placenta previa: preponderance of Male sex at birth. AMJ Pidemiol. 1999, 149: 824-830. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009898
Crane JM, Vadan Holf MC, Dodds L, et al. Maternal complication, neonatal outcome with placenta previa. Am J Perinatol. 2000, 17: 101-105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2000-9269
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2014 Turaia A. Almaksoud (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
