Lifestyle Behaviors and the Knowledge–Practice Gap in Chronic Disease Management Among Adults in Al-Zawiya, Libya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54361/LJMR.20.2.50Keywords:
Chronic diseases, lifestyle factors, adherence, physical activity, smoking, Libya, cross-sectional studyAbstract
Background: Chronic diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, largely driven by modifiable lifestyle factors such as diet, physical inactivity, smoking, and psychological stress. Understanding these factors at a local level is essential for improving prevention and management strategies. Objective: This study aimed to assess lifestyle-related factors, awareness, and adherence to health recommendations among adult patients with chronic diseases in Al-Zawiya City, Libya. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 adult patients diagnosed with chronic diseases using a structured questionnaire. Data collected included sociodemographic characteristics, clinical profile, lifestyle behaviors, awareness, physician advice, and self-management practices. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied, with significance set at p < 0.05.Results: The majority of participants were female (60.0%), and diabetes was the most common condition (40.0%). More than half were physically inactive (55.3%) and 26.7% were current smokers. Although 74.7% recognized the importance of lifestyle in health and 60.0% received physician advice, only 35.3% reported regular adherence. Significant gender differences were observed in smoking (P < 0.001) and stress levels (P = 0.041).
Conclusion: The study reveals a clear knowledge–practice gap among chronic disease patients. Strengthening lifestyle counseling, addressing socioeconomic barriers, and implementing gender-sensitive interventions are essential to improve disease management.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Wedad Abulkheir Abdulhameid, Najat Gooma Ahmed, Kholud Ahmed keshim, Nasrien Elfarrah, Asma N Bshina, Hana Fahelbum (Author)
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